Image provided by: Joanne Skelton; Cottage Grove, OR
About Rural enterprise. (Halsey, Or.) 1924-1927 | View Entire Issue (July 1, 1925)
4 The Great Outdoors Where Bread, Meat, Clothing, Health and Vigorous Humanity are Produced « A jkx cj-cra k çt-.y e lA iU h t a . Sanitation Needed Hints for Linn Saving Oat Crop Better Poultry Ie in Raising Calves •County Farmers From Rust Enemy Helping AU Stock The »tand of clover on O. A. C. field» ha» been improved 50 per cent by the uae of lime on poo, land. Iu some hay field» good worker» are getting 93 a day and board. The crop is abundant and of fine qnaliyt. What will the price be next winter? For pig feed O. A. C- eitinittes wflole corn, ground wheat and ground barley a» having about the ■atne value. They should be sup plemented with protein feeds, tuoh as skim milk, tankage or fish meal. Enough cow» hava been pledged to assure a cheese faciory at Tan gent. Mrs. Peter Slate offers to donate a quarter of a town block for ite site. Here will be a chance for the Holstein* to make their best impreitjon. _______ The aix caws that led all other* in the four »mall cow testing udils in Lincoln eounty last year aver aged 339 pound» of butterfat and returned $102 25 profit each over food cost, while the least profitabl herd, with 18 cow», averaged 195 pounds /a t that sold for 952.29 more than oost of feed. Although Oregon has 100,000 oolouiee of bees, 10,000 beekeep srsaod 91,000,000 invested iu bee« and beekeeping equipment, many carloads of honey are imported into the state annually. The state is capable of supplying enough honey to meet demands and sup plant all of the sirup and much of the sugar used.— O. A. C. Growers, dealnra, retailers and consumers now know that there is a potato grading law with teeth in it. There is a heavy penalty for misbranding stock or failing to have the grower’s name and ad dress on the eauk. The consumer wants a guarantee these days, and lie will buy only of those who grade their stock and give him choice— Market Agent Spence. Clean and Scalded Utensils Are Most Important. Progress of “Better Sires- Much Progress Has Been Made in Development of | P r * p « r * 4 S r i n * C n ittd S t * l * * D * p * r t m * « t Better Stock’’ Campaign. of A s rtc u ltu r *. ) Resistant Varieties. In the raising of calves one of the ( V r e * * r « a S r t h * U n l«*4 S t« M * ZWparlR>*»< A total of 1,164,657 foWla—all breed Ing stock—ere listed In a recent re port Just issued by the United States I Apartment of Agriculture as under going Improvement by the use of pure bred male birds. The fowls consist principally of chickens, but Include al so turkeys, geese, docks, guinea fowls and pigeons The report deals with the progress of the "Better Sires—Better Stock** campaign conducted by various states and the deportment tor the 1m provement of domestic animals. I t la noticeable, however, that fowls outnumber other stock by more than two to one. The namber of cattle, horses, esses, swine, sheep and goats totals slightly more than half a mil lion as compared with considerably over a million fowls. Deportment live stock specialists potnt out the educational effect which Improved poultry bas on the hreedldg of larger anlmnla and cite examples In which a well-bred poultry flock was • lie nieuns of causing the betterment of other animals on the same farms. Being prolific, poultry respond very quickly to good breeding practices, In cluding the use of high-quality pure bred males. The report shows also that the use of pure-bred sires In poul try breeding stock results In the own ershlp of more than ten times as n u ) pure-bred female birds. The small Investment necessary to establish breeding pens of well-bred fowls makes poultry a popular class of live stock on which to beglD a pn gram for Improvement. Setting High Standard for Dairy Production Requirements for cows to be record • il In the Advanced Registry of the ilulsteln-Frleslnn breed are as follows For yearly production: Two y«*r*................. »18.0 Three y ear« ............... JIZO Four y ear*.................. U ( 0 F ive year* ................t»0.0 pound» pound* pound* pound* o f tat of tat o f tat of fat In the 90d-day division they are re quired to make 80 per cent of the Distrlois where drain tile havt qulreiuente for all-year test, with been used extensively show a calving requirement making It neo marked Improvement in prosper »ary for them to drop a live calf with ity. Drain uile not only carries in 14 months after their previous calf off the excess water when it should was delivered. Judge your grades as well oe your be removed from the lend, but pure bred» by thia standard- I f they preventaeonring and furnishes air nre making these requirement» they to the ground when it is most are the kind that will never make needed. Instsnces are known their owner sorry that he la In the where the tncreaeed production hy dairy buslne«». I f they are not. then the use of drain tile has paid the strive to Improve by using good pure cost of the installation tile first bred slrea. Judicious weeding with constructive year.-*-H. R. Kraitzar in Oregon breeding help» mightily toward sue Business. caedlng.— It. Lascellea, Fleldman for a Colorado State Dairy Commie sloner. re H. Jardine Advises Earm Co-operation Portland, Or.—Co-operative market ing end a Strict bualneagllke admin istration of agricultural affairs, said W illiam M. Jardine, secretary of agri culture. In an address at the Portland Chamber of Commerce, will prove the aalvatlon of the American farmer. "I am a firm believer In coopera tive marketing." said Mr. Jardine. "I am against price-fixing by the gov eminent. Export corporation legisla tion such as has been recently pro posed would not. In my opinion, help move the surplus of production that has been the bane of the farmer everywhere ever since the war. "The farmer must learn to sell his products; to merchandise the stock of the soil as the merchant merrhan dises his stock of manufactured goods and aa Gary markets his steel.** f Big hay craps will be the rule In Lincoln county this year. Sweet Clover Valuable Sweet clover, like moat of the com mon legume», contains a large amount of protein, thus making It a valuable feed for growing stock and milk pro- durtion. Analyses made at Idaho ex periment station Indicate that sweet lover Is about equal to alfalfa as a feed for live stock. I t carries about the same amount of protein, la only slightly lower In carbohydrates, and Is very little higher In crude fiber. The biennial yellow sweet clover la high er In crude fiber than the biennial white. T H E MARKETS Portland Wheat — Hard white, »1.60; soft white, »1.65; northern spring, »1.68; hard winter. »1.60; western white, »1.67; western red, »1.60. Hay — Alfalfa, »19©20 ton; valley timothy. »20©21; eastern Oregon timothy, »2»©24. Butterfat— 44c delivered Portland. Eggs—Ranch, 2» ©»Sc. Cheese— Prices f. o. b. Tillamook: Triplets, 37e; loaf. 28c per lb. Cattle— Steers, medium, »S.00©9.25. Hogs— Medium to choice, »12 50© 14 IS. Sheep— Lambs, medium to choice, » 9 5 0 ® ll 26. Unusually good crops of grain are reported by Silverton farmers this season. Haying began at Sweet Home last week. This year's yield Is one of the heaviest for several years. Much of the crop Is being put up with balers. Harvesting of grain Is under way ta some pans of Umatilla county, ac Seattle. Wheat — Soft white and western centing to repons reoelved at Pendle ton Favorable growing conditions j * h,,e 91 45; hard winter. 91.44; weat- durlng the spring and the hot wave j "rn re'1’ • * 42; northern spring, |1.44. have combined to hasten the ripening H , ’r* Alfalfa, 914; D. C . US; tlm of grain, and farmers predict an early ”***• «■•«** hay. »24 Butterfat—4»c. harvest Eggs Ranch, 32 © 37c. The hen ha* not yet been Interned that can make eggs without shell ma Hogs Prims, 814 5O©14.75. terial to work on. Oyster shell will Cattle—Prime steers, »8 50©9. supply the need. Cheese—Oregon fancy to retailers. • * • 29c per lb.; do standards, 25c; Wash 8weet clover make» a good hog pn*- Ington fancy triplets. 25c. tura It la a hardy, vigorous-growing legume, rich In bone-and muscle-build Spokane. ing elements for pigs One acre »111 H o g »-P rim e. 8t3Sn©13 60. • pasture twenty or more spring pigs, o dURff’F« C attle— P rim e steers. »8 0 0 © S 6 0 . ( F n p a r a d Sy t l i * O a l> *4 S t» t*e t> « v *rta i*o < • f A g rlo u ita r *,) The fight to eave the o tt crop from one of its moat formidable enemies, black stem rust. Is being waged from all possible angles known to science. Not only la the disease being eliminat ed by the campaign to destroy Its al ternate boat plant, the common bar berry, but It la also being rendered less destructive by the "armoring" of the defendants through creating a natural resistance In varieties. The United State» Department of Agriculture la allied the various state experi ment athdona ot the oat-producing areas In an effort to develop varieties of oats that are naturally inmyine from or highly resistant to the attacks ot the disease. Two years' efforts to single out varieties that are highly re sistant and to breed from them other varieties that w ill retain this quality along with other desirable characters have shown remarkable progress In the development of resistant varieties. Resistant Varieties. Thia spring the United States De partment of Agriculture sent to 51 co operating stations 16 varieties of oats for testing for resistance under local conditions and environment of these stations. Included in these 16 vari eties were two selections, Minnesota 680 and 687, developed by the Minne sota Agricultural experiment station from crosses between the Wbite T a r tar (White Russian) and a Sw r'lsli Importation, the Victory, and Mlnotn X White Tartar, respectively, which have shown exceptional promise In their resisting power for the past few years at stadons In that state. The Richland (Iowa 106) and the White Tartar (White Rusalqi4> varieties which during the testa at 24 stations during 1823 showed only a trace of Infection, and leas then 1 per cent in fection last year, are atgo Included. A new variety, the Halgtru Rustproof, Introduced from South Aflrtca a few years ago, showed equally good resist ance and will be further tried at these 51 stations tills year. j F ortify Against Rapt. The expansion from 24 Nations co operating last year to a total of 51 stations In this country and several In Canada, marks a renewed and deter mined effort to fortify the oat crop against the losses from blartt-etem rust by the development of resistant vari eties. A specialist w ill vlalt rtieh sta tion during the growing season to check up on the results of the test. The susceptibility to Infection <?t the different varieties w ill bo measured by comparing them with tho Infection on control varieties, those which are known to be defenseless agalns( the disease and which will be sown In the testing plats along with ‘the ones on tr ia l most Important requisites Is gpod sani tation. In discussing this timely mat ter, veterinary specialists of the bu reau of unlmal Industry, United States Department of Agriculture, potnt out that adult cows may tolerate certain »rganltms that will cause serious dis turbances In the digestive tract of ialves. The main constituent of a calf’a diet Is milk, which also 1» a favorable medium for the development of bacteria. When faulty sanitation exists, tome of the bacteria that gain access to the milk Intended for calf feeding may he of the disease-producing type. For this reason, department specialists aay, sanitary mensares must apply not o^ly to the quarters where the cows and calves are kept but to the calf feeding equipment os well. Clean and acalded milk utensils are needed to safeguard the hand-fed calf against possible disease. Ventilation and sun light also are essential to the well being of calves and should receive the most careful attention of those en gaged In the rearing of calves. In addition to the dally cleaning of the calf quarters, periodical dlslnfec- Ilon Is advised. By so doing, Infection has very little chance to establish a foothold and many of the more com mon ailments of calves will be avoided. Rhubarb la not particular ns to soil, but It thrives best In soil that Is mel low and fertile to a considerable depth. Soils that have a high subsoil or hard- pan are to be avoided. Aa the large leaves and succulent stems require an enormous amount of soli moisture. Ir rigation Is sometimes advisable for this crop. Warm exposures or soils sloping toward the south are desirable when earllness is the chief considera tion. Candle All Eggs Before Shipping to Any Market Egg-Laying Is a Severe Strain on Young Pullet Egg dealers who are not certain as to the freshness of their eggs should candle them before shipment, says the United States Department of Agricul ture. which Is planning a close watch over eggs shipped Into Interstate com merce during the warm spring and summer months. Under the provisions of the federal food and drugs act, eggs with yolks stuck to the shell, moldy eggs, black spots, mixed rots, and black rots, are classified aa adul terated. Investigations have shown that It Is commercially practicable by candling to eliminate the eggs liable to be graded as adulterated. The dealer who candles his eggs before shipment runs little risk of violating the law or of having his eggs rejected at des tination. A number of states have food-control measures providing for the candling of eggs before sale. Pullets from the chick stage nearly up to the laying stage should not be fed too much corn. The prime pur pose in feeding should be to provide the constituents that build up bone and muscle. The pullet lacking these will not prove a good producer during the winter months, and even though she does begin to lay well she will not be able to keef> up the pace because the strain Is too great for her unde veloped constitution. Egg-laying Is a severe strain on the pullet, and unless a food bodily foundation bus been built up and there Is vigor and vitality, the fowl will not be able to stand the grind. , I t Is when the pullet bas reached Best.Soil for Rhubarb a full, strong, mature growth thaï the laying ration should be fed, and this should contain corn— plenty of I t The com will keep her In good flesh while she Is laying and It Is Important that she go to her roost at night with a stuffed crop. Growing mashes and scratch feeds with little com In them w ill build up a good frame, and a good range will Induce vigor and vitality. Then the egg machine Is ready to go Into action. No machine of any kind can be effi cient unless It Is built to withstand a strain. The egg machine la ne ex ception to this rule. Sudan Grass Excellent as Substitute H ay Crop Sudan grass Is a floe stemmed, leafy sorghum suitable as a substitute hay crop. Recent trials by several agricul tural stations demonstrate that It Is also suited to pasture purposes to be alternated with Vie regular rotation pastures. The crop recovers rapidly when eaten off nnd roots sufficiently well so that the plants are not pulled up when pastured. Cattle relish It as n green feed and seem to maintain their milk (low as wqll upon It as they do when pasturing the regular pas tures. Dr. C. FIC Q , Dentist “ PLATES THAT F IT ” Grown*, bridgn work and filling’ i wf|l pay you to get my prices on vo r ceuial work, Cusick bank build p, Albany Fighting to Extinguish Dangerous Com Borer The corn borer Is getting a great deal of attention from farmers and college experiment men in Ohio and sduthern Ontario. Every conceivable method Is being tried In a desperate attempt to put a atop to bis ravages. A burial experiment was tried out last year at the Ohio Agricultural collego In which 1.800 borers were covered In stubble and stalks to a depth of five or six Inches by the plow and then the soil received ordinary cultivation. Rhubarb, or pieplant. Is an Impor AU of the borers perished, not a single tant perennial vegetable. Like aspara moth having been taken from the gus, It produces a supply early In the cages placed on the plowed area. Thia spring when fresh vegetables are In experiment would Indicate that thor great demand. New leuves appear ough plowing and covering of stubble from early spring to mid sommer, but will he one of the big factors In the the leafstalks produced early In the fight to extinguish this dangerous pest. season »re mo»t In denrnnd and the harvest does not usually last more than eight week» A fte r pulling bns stopped, the leaves are allowed to The most important aid which the grow and supply the roots with Itood poultry keeper has In fighting worms material for the next year's ¿ertyp. and coccldiosls In their young chicks Rhubarb roots a rt hardy and require Is the use ot new ground for the brood no winter protection. T he plant Is coops. Too many producers keep on capable of surviving both the extreme using the old runs year after year with heat of summer nnd the »Sold of winter out change and then blame their in In the central latitude. ability to raise a large percentage of Soy beans should do well on potato healthy, thrifty chicks to poor luck. Very often the remedy la simple and In land or timothy sod plowed. a good many cases the moving of the • • • brooder houses and coops lsfell that Is Toepecklng amoug baby chicks may needed. result from Inck of exx-rvlse. Phone 226 C. P. Moody Agent Rhubarb Very Important as Perennial Vegetable New Ground for Chicks • • a Kill new weeds whkeh. appear on the farm before they get a foothold. "Feed your soil and your soil will feed you," 1» the slogan of the soil fertility specialists. 4 WHEAT, OATS and W h o le or G round $ BARLEY w FISHE R’S EGG PRODUCER * (lives b e tte r re su lts O. W . F R I M Pabcolin The artistic durable fib e r covering -A n Improvement on Printed Linoleum J?«jsfanee to wear is probably the one quality you look for first when selecting floor covering. And it is that qua lity above a ll others w h ich has been b u ilt into Pabcolin. . __ N ot linoleum, nor a substitute, but an improvement- on printed linoleum—a floor covering w ith its wear» ing surface composed of special enamel paint in* stead of the usual soft oil-paint. This hard, wear-defying surface rests on a firm "body” of ong-fiber rag felt, made for this particular purpose, and thoroughly w aterproofed by a special process I t pays to buy Pabcolin because it gives youexfrg./ondaar. view. I t keeps its gloss and beautiful colon far longer than you would suppose any pr.nted floor covering capabk vet itt cost is no higher. Bes.des. you are offered a varies of ¿Tuti’ ful patterns—many are new and exclusive X 01 beauU* Let u s show you Pabcolin. There are patterns suitawe bathroom, laundry. k .t c h £ p o ™ , © *££• room, hall, in fact for any room in the house. “"W H I L L & Co. M ALSEY